Released: Cuomo: February 7th, 2013 (1) ; Feinstein: April 5th, 2013 (2)
Download:
https://github.com/maduce/fosscad-repo/tree/master/Rifles/AR-15_DefDist_Cuomo_30_round_magazine_v4.5
https://github.com/maduce/fosscad-repo/tree/master/Rifles/AK-47_DefDist_Feinstein_magazine_v1.0
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The first 3D-printable firearms file is the HaveBlue AR-15 lower. But the first political act in 3D2A is the Defense Distributed printable magazines (3).
In 2012, Cody Wilson, then a college student, initiated the Wiki Weapon project (4). The thrust of this project was to explicitly critique government information and arms control.
Inspired by Julian Assange’s Wikileaks project, Wilson adopted an open source ethos for this project, publicly documenting the process of development (both successes and failures) and inviting community participation. To support this project, Wilson would found a nonprofit, Defense Distributed.
As a stepping stone to a fully printable firearm, Wilson decided to first pursue what were perceived to be simpler projects, starting with a fully printable AR-15 magazine.
Other printable magazines did exist at the time. One of the earliest (possibly the very first) firearms parts uploaded to Thingiverse was an AR-15 mag follower (5), and a printable 5-round AR mag (6) existed as well. Yet these, even if they did work, were treated more as toys or fun experiments
Like the HaveBlue lower, development on DD’s AR-15 magazine started from a reference model for a metal AR magazine, which was then modified and reinforced for fabrication in plastic. Early prints were done on an Objet photopolymer printer using an ABS blend; prior to release, the team switched to an FDM printer (still using ABS.)
Wilson published regular updates (7) and videos throughout development, openly demonstrating magazine failures (8) along with successes.
The name “Cuomo” was applied to the AR mag, establishing a tradition of naming printable mags after antigun politicians that persists to this day (9).
At release, the Cuomo Mag demonstrated the ability to handle a fully automatic magdump. Subsequent evaluation shows that the magazine’s lifespan was not great, suffering the feedlip warping issue common to printed mags.
The Cuomo Mag was followed by the Feinstein Mag, a printable AK magazine (10), developed in a similar fashion. The Feinstein did not reach nearly so advanced a stage of functionality before its development cycle was terminated, along with all other Defense Distributed 3D gun projects, in the wake of the May 2013 enforcement letter (11) from the US Department of State.
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(1) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xY16r6EkUNY
(2) https://www.bitchute.com/video/nrLuLPhesMfg
(3) Based on his writeup ( https://haveblue.org/?p=1041), HaveBlue’s motivations behind his lower were primarily technological / exploratory. Politics, insofar as they were present, were distinctly secondary.
(4) https://www.bitchute.com/video/cZg4Tpfxvf9c
(5) https://web.archive.org/web/20110926090201/http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:6646
(6) https://web.archive.org/web/20110923185116/http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:11636 Note the printed spring!
(8) For example, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTcMSGQKJbM, the very first Cuomo mag video published, shows a photopolymer mag failing after a few shots
(9) cf. the Menendez, Hochul, Whitmer or Everytown mags, among others
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